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It has gone through numerous releases with different names and has not yet been isolated. CryptoWall CryptoWall was discovered on Jand is not related to CryptoLocker in any way. It is estimated that a combined $3 million was extorted through the CryptoLocker attacks. In May 2014, CryptoLocker was taken down by a team of government agencies, security companies, and researchers in Operation Tovar, which recovered the private encryption key used for decryption and rendered further distribution of the ransomware useless. Payment for the decryption key was taken through Bitcoin or pre-paid cash vouchers. Even though CryptoLocker itself was easy to remove from infected devices, the files remained encrypted, and the only feasible way to access files was to pay the ransom requested by the cybercriminals. It was distributed through email attachments and botnets in order to encrypt files on Windows computers and any mounted drives. Common Types Of Ransomware Strains CryptoLockerĬryptoLocker was discovered on Septemand is considered to be the first modern strain of ransomware. Ransoms are typically paid in Bitcoin or other digital currencies that are difficult to trace. The most effective and dangerous types ransomware are those where only the creators of the program have access to the decryption key. Failure to pay the ransom within the time frame provided can result in an increased ransom amount or deletion of the encrypted files.
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The user is goaded into paying the operators, who may or may not supply a code or program to decrypt the files. Upon execution, ransomware begins encrypting the files on an infected device and typically displays a message informing the victim that their files can only be decrypted if a ransom is paid to the attackers.
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Ransomware usually enters devices as a Trojan, masquerading as a normal file that is downloaded intentionally or unintentionally by the user. Today, common strains of ransomware include Cryptolocker (isolated in 2014), Cryptowall, Locky, and Samas or Samsam. Millions of dollars have been extorted through ransomware attacks, which date back to 1989 AIDS/PC Cyborg Trojan.
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Ransomware is a form of malware that encrypts files on an infected device and holds them hostage until the user pays a ransom to the malware operators.
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Learn more about ransomware and how to protect against ransomware attacks in Data Protection 101, our series on the fundamentals of information security.